Future Development Trends of High Concentration Wastewater Treatment

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The problem of high concentration organic wastewater treatment is currently recognized as a difficult problem in the world of wastewater treatment. The so-called high concentration wastewater refers to some wastewater with high concentration, high salinity, and high difficulty in degradation. The composition of water quality is complex, and the content of organic matter is high. COD is generally above 10000mg/L, and even up to tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of milligrams per liter. And generally contains toxic and harmful substances, with extremely high salt content, strong acidity and alkalinity, and cannot be directly subjected to biochemical treatment.
This type of industrial wastewater is generally produced in industries such as coking, pharmaceutical, petrochemical/oil, textile/printing and dyeing, chemical, and paint. This type of high concentration organic wastewater causes significant environmental pollution and lasts for a long time. If not properly treated, it will not only harm the ecological environment, but also cause damage to humans themselves.
And now the environmental awareness of the Chinese people is constantly increasing, and the country is also paying increasing attention to environmental issues. The water quality requirements for industrial wastewater discharge are stricter than before. Therefore, it is particularly important to choose appropriate and reasonable methods for treatment to ensure that the quality of industrial wastewater meets the required discharge standards, and to meet the requirements for its treatment technology and methods.
Current status of technological development direction
For high concentration organic wastewater with high organic pollutant content and poor biodegradability, it is often difficult to achieve ideal treatment results if traditional treatment methods such as physicochemical method or membrane method are used alone.
For example, the physicochemical method has many shortcomings and shortcomings. Currently, commonly used physicochemical treatment technologies include traditional technologies such as microelectrolysis, Fenton oxidation, electrocatalysis, microwave catalysis, ozone catalysis, and chlorine dioxide oxidation. Most of these technologies have drawbacks such as high investment, high processing costs, very limited processing effects, and poor impact resistance. Especially when the concentration of organic pollutants in wastewater exceeds 20000mg/l, traditional physicochemical methods require the addition of a large amount of oxidants, resulting in high treatment costs, while the COD removal rate is only 10% -30%. New substances will also be generated, causing secondary pollution.
The commonly used membrane treatment methods also have limitations, and the conventional membrane treatment method for water treatment also has considerable disadvantages. It has extremely high requirements for influent water quality, huge investment, low recovery and utilization rate, and the generated concentrated solution is more difficult to treat. The incomplete treatment of pollutants by the previous biochemical system can lead to pollution of the membrane components required for deep treatment, affecting the treatment effect. When TDS increases, the desalination rate of membrane treatment will sharply decrease, while there are many unresolved issues such as membrane fouling, blockage, corrosion, and short service life.
Similarly, the use of biochemical treatment technology to treat high concentration wastewater also has certain limitations and drawbacks. The use conditions of biochemical treatment technology are limited by the concentration of organic matter, and can only treat organic wastewater with organic matter concentration in the range of medium to low levels. For coking wastewater with high concentration and wastewater rich in organic matter such as oil and phenol, pre dilution and pre-treatment are required.
During the anaerobic process, microbial reproduction is slow, so the start-up process of the reactor is slow and takes 7-13 weeks, increasing workload and operating costs. The organic matter load at the head end of the aeration tank is high, so the oxygen consumption rate is high. In order to avoid the formation of anaerobic state due to hypoxia, the concentration of organic matter in the inflow should not be too high

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